Steam-boiler



3 Sheets-Sheet 1. S. FOWDEN. STEAM BOILER (No Model.)

Patented Apr. 28, 1891.-

' 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. S. PO'WDEN.

STEAM BOILER.

(No Model.)

No. 451,322. Patented Apr 28, 1891.

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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet a. S. FOWDEN.

STEAM BOILER. No. 451,322. Patented Apr. 28, 1891.

NITED STATES ATENT Enron.

SAMUEL FOWVDEN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

STEAM-BOILER.

. SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 451,322, dated April28, 1891.

Application filed July 28, 1890. Serial No. 360,235. (No model.) I

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL FoWDEN, a citizen of the United States, and aresident of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certainImprovements in Steam-Boilers, of which the following is aspecification.

One object of my invention is to so construct a steam-boiler as toprovide an extended heating-surface, both external and internal, afurther object being to insure the effective combustion of the gasesarising from the fuel in the fire-place. These objects Iattain in themanner hereinafter set forth, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a steamboilerconstructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a front view ofthe same, partly broken away. Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line1 2, Fig. 1; and Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section, partly in elevation,of a modified form of my improved boiler.

The boiler shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 has opposite water-chambered sidewalls A A, water-chambered front and rear walls B B, and upper and lowertubed barrels D D, each of these tubed barrels communicating at the endswith the water-chambered front and rear walls of the boiler, as shown inFig 1. The tubes at of the lower barrel D extend from the outer casing dof the front wallB to the outer casing cl of the rear wall 13, the rearends of these tubes a communicating with a dischargefiue or stack F atthe rear of the boiler. The front ends of the tubes to communicate witha chamber G, contained within a casing G,secured to the front wall B.The tubes 1) of the upper barrel D of the boiler also communicate withthis chamber G, and the rear ends of the said tubes communicate with achamber H, formed at the rear end of said upper barrel D, this chamberII also communicating with the space between the two barrels of theboiler, as shown in Fig. 1. The shells of the upper and lower barrels DD do not extend to the side walls A A of the boiler, so that theproducts of combustion from the fire-place I beneath the lower barrel Dcan rise around the same and partly around the shell of the upper barrelD, as shown in Fig. 3, the escape of the products of combustion betweenthe sides of the upper barrel and the side walls of the boiler beingprevented by suitable filling-blocks f, as also shown in Fig. 3. Theproducts of combustion therefore rise around the lower barrel D, so asto envelop the same and partly envelop the upper barrel D, said productsof combustion seeking the chamber H at the rear of said upper barrel Dand passing thence through the tubes 1) of said upper barrel, throughthe connecting-chamber G, and through the tubes at of the lower barrelto the discharge line or stack F. The heating-surface thus presentedtherefore comprises the entire shell of the lower barrel, the greaterportion of the shell of the upper barrel, the tubes of both barrels,both the inner and outer shells of the front and rear walls of theboiler, and the inner shells of the side walls of the same.

Extending through the front wall B of the boiler from theoombustion-chamber J v to the connecting-chamber G are fines K, throughwhich a portion of the products of combustion can pass directly fromsaid combustionchamber J to the chamber Gr without passing through thetubes of the upper barrel D. Hence the products of combustion followingthis course are highly heated and serve to reignite the products ofcombustion which have been extinguished in their passage through thetubes of said upper barrel. By this means a practically perfectcombustion of the gases arising from the fuel is effected. The tubes bof the upper barrel of the boiler are of larger diameter than those ofthe lower barrel, in order to prevent the sudden extinguishing of theproducts of combustion on entering said tubes 1), it having been foundthat said products will, in traversing a large tube, remain ignited fora longer time than when traversing a small tube. In the lower barrel ofthe boiler, however, this is not of so much consequence. Hence the tubesat are of small diameter, in order to insure the maximum heating-surfacein said lower barrel.

In Fig. 4 I have shown my invention as applied to a boiler set inmasonry or brick-work,-

instead of having water-jacketed walls. In

this case the upper and lower barrels of the boiler are connected bynecks m, and the tubes of the upper barrel D of the boiler extendcompletely through the same, the upper portion of the flue F at the rearof the boiler being separated from the lower portion by a slab n, sothat the products of combustion first seek the upper portion of theflue, then pass through the tubes of the upper barrel, through thechamber G, and through the tubes of the lower barrel to the lowerportion of the flue F, from which they escape through a dampered openingF to a lateral discharge-flue F behind the bridge-wall. An opening K isformed in the front supporting-wall of the boiler to serve the samepurpose as the flues K in the structure shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3. Inthis boiler, also, I prefer to locate in the fire-arch M a coil of pipe19, communicating with the lower barrel D of the boiler and sei'ving asa feed-water heater.

In some cases the tubes in the lower barrel D may be dispensed with andthe products of combustion permitted to escape from the top of thechamber G; or, on the other hand, the.

tubes in the upper barrel may be dispensed with and all of the productsof combustion caused to pass through the fiue or fluesK and thencethrough the tubes of the lower barrel. It is preferable, however, toprovide both barrels of the boiler with tubes, as shown.

I am aware of the French patent, No.139,909, granted November 26, 1880,to A. M. Delpech for a steam-boiler having upper and lower tubed barrelsso mounted that the products of combustion are first passed partlyaround the lower and upper barrels, then through the tubes of the upperbarrel, and finally through the tubes of the lower barrel; but suchboiler was used in connection with a double fireplace and dividing-wall,whereas in my improved boiler there is a single fire-place directlybeneath the lower barrel of the boiler and the products of combustionentirely surround the latter, and my improved boiler also differs fromthat set forth in the French patent in a number of other details ofconstruction.

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent 1. The combination of the upper and lower barrels of theboiler, tubes orfiues in said upper barrel, an outer casing supportingthe boiler at the ends and inclosing a combustion-chamber, and afire-place, the latter being directly beneath the lower barrel of theboiler and the combustion-chamber surrounding said lower barrel andextending part way around the upper barrel and communicating with thetubes of said upper barrel at the rear ends of the same, substantiallyas specified.

2. The combination of the upper and lower barrels of the boiler, tubesin said lower barrel, anouter casing supporting the boiler at the endsand inclosing a combustion-chamber and a fire-place, the latterbeing-directly beneath the lower barrel of the boiler and thecombustion-chamber surrounding said lower barrel and extending part wayaround the upper barrel, a casing inclosing a chamber through which theproducts of combustion can pass from the combustion-chamber to the tubesof the lower barrel, and a casing inclosing a discharge fine or stack,substantially as specified.

3. The combination of the upper and lower barrels of the boiler, eachhaving tubes, an outer casing supporting the boiler at the ends andinclosing a combustion-chamber and a fire-place, the latter beingdirectly beneath the lower barrel of the boiler and thecombustion-chamber surrounding said lower barrel and extending part wayaround the upper barrel and communicatingwith the tubes of said upperbarrel at the rear ends of the same, a casinginclosing a chamber whichconnects the tubes of the upper and lower barrels, and a casinginclosing a discharge fine or stack com municating with the tubes ofthelower barrel, substantially as specified.

4. The combination of the upper and lower barrels of the boiler with acasing inclosing a combustion chamber which surrounds the lower barreland extends part way around the upper barrel, said casing havingwater-chambered front and rear walls communicating with the barrels ofthe boiler, substantially as specified.

5. The combination ofthe upper and lower barrels of the boiler with acasing inclosinga combustion chamber which surrounds the lower barreland extends part way around the upper barrel, said casing havingopposite water-chambered side walls and water-chambered front and rearwalls which communicate with the barrels of the boiler, substantially asspecified.

6. The combination of the upper and lower tubed barrels of the boiler,acasing inclosing a combustion-chamber which surrounds the lower barrel,partly surrounds the upper bar rel, and communicates with the tubes ofthe same, said casing having water-chambered front and rear walls, aconnecting-chamber casing on the front wall, and. a dischargeflue casingon the rear wall, substantially as specified.

7-. The combination of the upper and lower ICC tubed barrels of theboiler, a casing inclosing a combustion-chamber which surrounds thelower barrel, partly surrounds the upper barrel, and communicates withthe tubes of the same, said casing having water-chambered front, rear,and side walls, a connecting-chamber casing on the front wall, and adischargeflue casing on the rear wall, substantially as specified.

8. The combination of the upper and lower tubed barrels of the boiler, acasing inclosing aconnecting-chamber at t-hefront of theboiler, and acasing which incloses a combustionchamber surrounding the lower barrelof the boiler and communicating with the tubes of the upper barrel, saidchamber also communicating directly with the connecting-chant her at thefront of the boiler, substantially as specified.

9. The combination of the upper and lower barrels of the boiler, eachhaving tubes, and the tubes of the upper barrel being of larger diameterthan those of the lower barrel, a

5 casing inclosing a chamber which connects the tubes of the upper andlower barrels, a casing inclosing a discharge flue or stack, and acasing inclosing a combustion-chamber which surrounds the lower barrelof the boiler and 10 extends part way around the upper barrel of thesame, said combustionchamber communicating' with the tubes of the upperbarrel, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of 15 two subscribing witnesses.

SAMUEL FOWVDEN.

Witnesses:

EUGENE ELTERICH, HARRY SMITH.

